Acknowledgements

B.K. and W.K. contributed equally to this work. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (RS-2021-NR059681), and the Open R&D program of Korea Electric Power Corporation (R23XH02). This work was partly supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) grant funded by the Korea government (MOTIE) (RS-2024-00451343) and the development program of the Korea Institute of Energy Research (C5-2415).